Projects

Following is a brief description and suggestive name dropping of the customers and tech used in professional projects.

Medical - Heart Lung Machine

Duration: 36 months and ongoing

Project Title: Embedded System Migration for Heart-Lung Machine (ST10 to STM32)

Project Description:
Led the migration of a critical embedded control system for a heart-lung (cardiopulmonary bypass) machine from a legacy 16-bit microcontroller platform to a modern 32-bit architecture. The objective was to improve system performance, maintainability, safety, and long-term component availability while preserving all existing clinical functionality.

The legacy system was based on the ST10 microcontroller, which was migrated to the STM32 platform. Responsibilities included full firmware refactoring, hardware abstraction redesign, and ensuring compliance with medical device development standards.

Re-engineered embedded firmware in C to support real-time monitoring and control of critical parameters such as blood flow rate, pressure, temperature, and oxygenation levels. Ported and validated control algorithms, ensuring deterministic behavior and timing accuracy using advanced timer peripherals and interrupt-driven design.

Key system functionalities included:

• Real-time sensor data acquisition (pressure, flow, temperature) via ADC and digital interfaces

• Closed-loop control of pumps, valves, and actuators

• Alarm management system with prioritized alerts and fail-safe responses

• High-reliability user interface integration (buttons, display, indicators)

• Data logging and communication with external monitoring systems

Implemented a robust Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) to decouple application logic from hardware, enabling easier future upgrades. Leveraged DMA, watchdog timers, and redundancy strategies to enhance system reliability and fault tolerance.

Ensured adherence to safety-critical development practices, including traceability, unit testing, and regression validation. Conducted extensive verification to confirm equivalence with the legacy system and compliance with applicable medical standards (e.g., IEC 60601 considerations).

Key Contributions:

• Successfully migrated safety-critical firmware from ST10 to STM32 platform

• Re-architected system for improved modularity, scalability, and maintainability

• Ensured real-time performance and deterministic control behavior

• Strengthened system reliability through fault detection and fail-safe mechanisms

Technologies Used:
Embedded C, ARM Cortex-M, ADC, DMA, timers, watchdogs, UART/SPI/I2C, real-time control systems, medical device software practices 

Building Automation - Smart Switches

Duration: 28 Months

Project Title: Embedded Firmware Development for Smart Switches (STM32G0 & EFR32BG13)

Project Description:
Designed and developed a smart switch solution enabling wireless control and automation of household electrical appliances. The system combined a low-power microcontroller for real-time control with a wireless SoC for connectivity, delivering a scalable and energy-efficient IoT device.

The hardware architecture utilized an STM32G0 microcontroller for core control logic and an EFR32BG13 for Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) communication. Responsibilities included end-to-end firmware development, peripheral interfacing, wireless stack integration, and system optimization for low power operation.

Developed embedded C firmware for handling GPIO-based relay control, debounced switch inputs, and state management. Implemented BLE communication protocols for remote control via mobile applications, including pairing, command handling, and secure data exchange.

Integrated key features such as:

• Capacitive/tactile switch input handling with debounce algorithms

• BLE-based control and status feedback

• Over-the-air (OTA) firmware update support

Ensured robust operation through interrupt-driven design, real-time event handling, and fail-safe mechanisms. Optimized firmware for minimal power consumption using sleep modes and efficient task scheduling.

Conducted hardware-software integration, debugging, and validation testing, including EMI/EMC considerations and safety compliance for AC switching applications.

Key Contributions:

• Developed dual-MCU firmware architecture for control and wireless communication

• Implemented BLE stack integration and mobile app interfacing

• Designed reliable switching logic with safety and fault handling

• Optimized system for low power and high responsiveness

Technologies Used:
Embedded C, ARM Cortex-M0+/M4, BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy), GPIO, UART, SPI, I2C, RTOS (optional), OTA updates, low-power design techniques

Medical - Blood Alcohol Sensor

Duration : 18 Months

Project Title: Embedded System Development for Portable Blood Alcohol Detection Device

Project Description:
Designed and developed a portable, real-time blood alcohol concentration (BAC) measurement device intended for personal and law enforcement use. The project focused on building a reliable embedded system capable of accurately sensing alcohol levels from breath samples and displaying results with minimal latency.

The system architecture was based on a low-power microcontroller interfaced with a high-sensitivity alcohol sensor module. Responsibilities included firmware development, sensor calibration, signal conditioning, and implementation of data filtering algorithms to improve measurement accuracy under varying environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, and airflow).

Developed embedded C firmware to handle sensor data acquisition via ADC, process raw signals using calibration curves, and compute BAC values according to standard conversion formulas. Implemented user interface functionality including LCD display output, LED indicators, and buzzer alerts for threshold-based warnings.

Integrated additional modules such as:

• Temperature sensor for compensation algorithms

• GNSS module over I2C for global positioning

• UART interfaces for debugging and BLE

Optimized the system for low power consumption, enabling efficient battery operation. Conducted extensive testing, including calibration against known alcohol concentrations, to ensure compliance with accuracy requirements.

Technologies Used:
Embedded C, ARM Cortex-M, ADC, UART, I2C, gas sensors (MQ series or equivalent), LCD modules, low-power design techniques.

Security - Smart door locks

Duration: 6 Months

Project Title: Embedded Firmware Development for NFC-Based Smart Lock System (AVR to STM32 Migration)

Project Description:
Led the redesign and migration of an NFC-based smart lock system from an 8-bit AVR platform to a high-performance 32-bit microcontroller architecture. The project aimed to enhance system responsiveness, security, scalability, and support for advanced features required in modern access control systems.

The legacy system was based on an AVR microcontroller, which was migrated to the STM32 platform to leverage improved processing power, memory, and peripheral capabilities. Responsibilities included complete firmware redesign, hardware abstraction layer (HAL) adaptation, and seamless migration of existing features.

Developed embedded firmware in C for NFC-based authentication using external NFC reader ICs, enabling secure communication with contactless cards and mobile devices. Implemented protocols for card detection, UID extraction, and authentication logic, ensuring low-latency access control.

Key system features included:

• NFC-based user authentication (ISO14443/Type A/B support)

• Secure credential storage with encryption mechanisms

• Real-time lock control using motor/solenoid drivers

• Event logging and access history storage (EEPROM/Flash)

• UART/SPI/I2C interfaces for peripheral and debugging support

Re-architected the firmware to adopt interrupt-driven and modular design patterns, improving system reliability and maintainability. Optimized timing-sensitive operations such as NFC polling and lock actuation using hardware timers and DMA where applicable.

Enhanced system security by integrating basic cryptographic techniques for credential verification and secure communication between modules. Improved power efficiency through low-power modes and optimized wake-up strategies.

Performed extensive validation including regression testing of legacy features, NFC interoperability testing, and real-world access scenarios to ensure robust performance post-migration.

Key Contributions:

• Successfully migrated firmware from 8-bit AVR to 32-bit STM32 architecture

• Implemented NFC communication and authentication workflows

• Redesigned system architecture for scalability and maintainability

• Improved performance, power efficiency, and security features

Technologies Used:
Embedded C, ARM Cortex-M, NFC (ISO14443), UART, SPI, I2C, EEPROM/Flash memory, timers, DMA